To create a post, go to “Post” > “Add New” (tab on the left).
To publish and save a post, click on the “Update” widget on the right (see below).

Make sure to select the appropriate category for your blog post so that it shows up on the correct page. Categories are found in a widget on the right (see below).

To add a cover photo, upload an image to the “Featured Image” section on the right (see below).

As a suggestion, add your name under “Users” > “Profile” so that your name shows up as the author instead of your username (tab on the left).
You can ignore layout settings and tags.
Happy Blogging!